The+Medical+Industry

 During the Civil War when a person had a disease in a part of their body such as the arm or the leg, there only choice was to cut off the patients limbs. The person hurt or ill would be placed on a table that is about breast high. Then the surgeons and there assistants, were stripped waist-down and bespattered in blood stood there. Some were holding the patients down (their was no anesthesia around that time they were forced to be away). They used tools such as says and scissors and many more(above). Also in that time sanitation was very poor which caused infectious diseases, and it caused many major health threats as well.  During that time there were many improvements in technology. On November 8th 1895 Wilhelm Conrad Rontgen discovered an image cast from his cathode ray generator , accidentally. Projected far beyond the possible range of the cathoderays, which is now known as an electron beam. While getting into further investigation it showed that the rays were generated at the point of contact of the cathode ray beam on the interior of the vacuum tube, but were not deflected by magnetic field. A week after his discovery Wilhelm tested an x-ray on his wifes hand and revealed her bones and of course her wedding ring.
 * [[image:tianalynn18:Kolbe_Civil_War_surgical_set.jpg width="243" height="145"]] ||
 * Tools Used During Surgery ||
 * First X-Ray[[image:first_x-ray.jpg width="77" height="105"]]**

In the 1870s Alexander Bell began experimenting through electrical devices with the conduction of sound, to help deaf children hear. It led to the invention of telephones instead. Miller Reese Hutchinson invented the first electrical hearing aid in 1901, and he called it the Telephone Transmitter. The era of vacuum tubes like these used in early radio saw the introduction of new types of hearing aids, starting in 1920 with Earl Charles Hansons vactuphone. A. Edwin Steven invented the first "wearable" hearing aid, weighing 2.5 pounds. During the 1950s, transistors revolutionized electrons, and Microtone introduced its compact and powerful transistor hearing aid in 1953.
 * Hearing Aids[[image:hearing_aid.jpg width="72" height="87"]]**

 During the early 1900s Americans were highly concerned about their drug and food supplies. A Pure Food & Drug Act was passed on June 30, 1906. The act forbade foreign and interstate commerce in adulterated or fraudulently labeled food and drugs. The products were then seized and condemned, and the offending people were fined and jailed. On April 12, 1955, Salk polio vaccine was declared safe, effective, and potent. In 1964 the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), designed to provide CDC with recommendations on vaccine use, held its first meeting. In 1961, Monovalent oral polio vaccine licensed. In 1963, Both the Trivalent oral polio vaccine and the first measles vaccine were licensed. Since then improvement has been made in reducing and eliminating vaccine preventable diseases in the Unyted States.
 * Vaccines**

​ In the beginning of the 19th century physicians stated that employing medical technologies to diagnose and treat diseases. During that time there were many creations such as a Hutchinson device, which was one of the first technologies for measuring the vital capacity of the lungs. Also another device was the Herisson's sphygomanometer for blood pressure measurements. In the first half of the 20th century, medicine was completely revolutionized with the explosion of the use of medical technology. Many medical technologies were invented in this time such as teh thermometer, stethoscope, microscope, ophthalmoscope, laryngoscope, and x-ray. With those medical devices the doctors during that time were able to see and hear parts of a patients body such as their lungs, and their heart. Medical records became an important part in retaining a patients medical information. The UPMC was one of the major starts of the modern medical industry.
 * Medical Technology **